The output of your current partition strucur using partition table type Intel is "Read Error" only.
Using EFI GPT displays your partition table not correctly, but it displays your data.
Looks like, your file system is faulty.
Info:
Failed to calculate number of free MFTs: Input/output error.
rebuild_NTFS_BS
mft at 16, seq=1, main=0 res=1
ntfs_find_mft: mft_lcn 786432
ntfs_find_mft: mftmirr_lcn 2
ntfs_find_mft: sectors_per_cluster 8
ntfs_find_mft: mft_lcn 786432
ntfs_find_mft: mftmirr_lcn 2
ntfs_find_mft: mft_record_size 1024
ntfs_find_mft: index_block_size 4096
Extrapolated boot sector and current boot sector are identical.
filesystem size 956934144
sectors_per_cluster 8
mft_lcn 786432
mftmirr_lcn 2
clusters_per_mft_record -10
clusters_per_index_record 1
file_pread(10,16,buffer,12529664(779/238/36)) ReadFile Data error (cyclic redundancy check).
file_pread(10,16,buffer,12529672(779/238/44)) ReadFile Data error (cyclic redundancy check).
file_pread(10,1,buffer,12529672(779/238/44)) ReadFile Data error (cyclic redundancy check).
NTFS filesystem need to be repaired.
I'd suggest to copy your important data first!
If you list your data, at the bottom of you screen, you'll find all the commands.
Target folder would be your testdisk folder.
If you'd like to change it, you can mark that two dots in the upper area of your screen and press enter.
You'll get each time one directory up until you'll get to your disk selection.
You can select another healthy disk or partition, where you'd like to recover your data to.
Please try to copy your important data first.
If you experience any problems, due to your faulty file system, please let me know.
Currently, I've no idea why partition table type Intel causes a read error and EFI-GPT works?
We should have a look after you were backing up your data!
Fiona